Humanities and Arts

Interconnected Dynamic Components of Learner Language


  Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Second language development can be viewed as a complex and dynamic process in which learners follow non-linear trajectories and develop their language over a period of time (Larsen-Freeman, 2006). Intrinsic to the view of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), a system is composed of hierarchical, interdependent subcomponents (learner, learner language, and environment) in dynamic relations as learners develop their interlanguage over time. This piece reviews the interactive and dynamic nature of the subcomponents illuminating the transitory nature or variability (in patterns of language development) that is inherently a characteristic of a complex dynamic system (Larsen-Freeman & Cameron, 2008). First, the forum piece describes how the growth of a subsystem can affect other parts of the system, followed by an explanation of the diverse interrelationships between the connecting subsystems. Next, three empirical studies on the varied relationships between the subsystems are presented. The article concludes with a critique of the current state of research on this topic, revealing some gaps that need to be addressed in future research.

Key Questions about Interconnected Dynamic Components of Learner Language

How does Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) apply to second language development?

CDST views second language development as a complex, non-linear process where learners' language evolves over time through dynamic interactions among the learner, their language, and the environment. This perspective highlights the variability and adaptability inherent in language acquisition.

What are the interdependent subcomponents in second language development?

The key subcomponents include the learner, their language (interlanguage), and the environment. These elements are interconnected, with changes in one affecting the others, leading to dynamic shifts in language development patterns.

How do changes in one subsystem affect others in language development?

Alterations in one component, such as the learner's cognitive state or environmental factors, can trigger changes in the interlanguage or influence the learner's behavior, demonstrating the interconnectedness and dynamic nature of language acquisition.

What empirical studies illustrate these interrelationships?

The article presents three empirical studies that examine the varied relationships between the learner, their language, and the environment, providing evidence of the dynamic interactions in language development.

What gaps in current research are identified for future exploration?

The article critiques the current state of research, revealing gaps that need to be addressed in future studies, particularly in understanding the complex interactions among the dynamic components of learner language.

By addressing these questions, the article offers valuable insights into the dynamic and interconnected nature of second language development, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of the various components involved.