Math Research Articles

The apparent prevalence, the true prevalence

Serologic tests are important for conducting seroepidemiologic and prevalence studies. However, the tests used are typically imperfect and produce false-positive and false-negative results. This is why the seropositive rate (apparent prevalence) does not typically reflect the true prevalence of the disease or condition of interest. Herein, we discuss the way the true prevalence could be derived fr...
4 weeks ago

Bias, the unfinished symphony

In laboratory medicine, mathematical equations are frequently used to calculate various parameters including bias, imprecision, measurement uncertainty, sigma metric (SM), creatinine clearance, LDL-cholesterol concentration, etc. Mathematical equations have strict limitations and cannot be used in all situations and are not open to manipulations. Recently, a paper “Bias estimation for Sigma metr...
1 month ago

Emergent coordination in temporal partitioning congestion games

In this article we study the social dynamic of temporal partitioning congestion games (TPGs), in which participants must coordinate an optimal time-partitioning for using a limited resource. The challenge in TPGs lies in determining whether users can optimally self-organize their usage patterns. Reaching an optimal solution may be undermined, however, by a collectively destructive meta-reasoning p...
1 month ago

Reinterpretation of the results of randomized clinical trials

Background Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) shape our clinical practice. Several studies report a mediocre replicability rate of the studied RCTs. Many researchers believe that the relatively low replication rate of RCTs is attributed to the high p value significance threshold. To solve this problem, some researchers proposed using a lower threshold, which is inevitably associated with a decreas...
1 month ago

Prediction interval

Highlights • Prediction interval has a great potential to be used in laboratory medicine • It is a powerful tool for computing personalized reference interval and reference change value • It can be used to assess the stability of analytical systems • It can be used in monitoring the accuracy and reproducibility of analytical systems Monitoring is indispensable for assessing disease pr...
1 month ago

Introducing prediction intervals for sample means

Researchers and practitioners are typically familiar with descriptive statistics and statistical inference. However, outside of regression techniques, little attention may be given to questions around prediction. In the current paper, we introduce prediction intervals using fundamental concepts that are learned in descriptive and inferential statistical training (i.e., sampling error, standard dev...
1 month ago

Adapting power calculations to include a superiority margin: what are the implications?

Key Questions

What is a superiority margin in clinical trials?

A superiority margin is a clinically significant threshold set to ensure that observed treatment effects are not only statistically signific...
2 months ago

An explicit formula of powers of the 2 × 2 quantum matrices and its applications

We present an explicit formula of the powers for the 2×2 quantum matrices, that is a natural quantum analogue of the powers of the usual 2 × 2 matrices. As applications, we give some non-commutative relations of the entries of the powers for the 2 × 2 quantum matrices, which is a simple proof of the results of Vokos-Zumino-Wess (1990)....
2 years ago

Math

Key Questions

What is a superiority margin in clinical trials?

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